一、安装MariaDB

1. 安装MariaDB

  1. 安装命令
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yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server
  1. 启动
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systemctl start mariadb
  1. 设置开机启动
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systemctl enable mariadb
  1. 对MariaDB进行相关简单配置
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mysql_secure_installation
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# 首先是设置密码，会提示先输入密码：
Enter current password for root (enter for none):<–初次运行直接回车
# 设置密码：
Set root password? [Y/n] <– 是否设置root用户密码，输入y并回车或直接回车
New password: <– 设置root用户的密码
Re-enter new password: <– 再输入一次你设置的密码 
# 其他配置
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] <– 是否删除匿名用户，回车
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] <–是否禁止root远程登录,n,
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] <– 是否删除test数据库，回车
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] <– 是否重新加载权限表，回车
  1. 初始化MariaDB完成，接下来测试登录 
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mysql -uroot -ppassword

2. 关闭防火墙

  1. 关闭防火墙服务
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systemctl status firewalld
systemctl is-enabled firewalld
  1. 设置开机禁用防火墙服务
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systemctl disable firewalld
  1. 临时关闭selinux
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setenforce 0
  1. 永久关闭selinux(建议永久关闭，需要重启才能生效)
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vim /etc/selinux/config
修改成：SELINUX=disabled

3. 配置MariaDB的字符集

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# 文件/etc/my.cnf
vim /etc/my.cnf
# 在[mysqld]标签下添加
init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci' 
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8' 
character-set-server=utf8 
collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci 
skip-character-set-client-handshake
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# 文件/etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf
vim /etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf
# 在[client]中添加
default-character-set=utf8
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# 文件/etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf
vim /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf
# 在[mysql]中添加
default-character-set=utf8
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# 全部配置完成，重启mariadb
systemctl restart mariadb
# 之后进入MariaDB
mysql -uroot -ppassword
# 查看字符集
show variables like "%character%";show variables like "%collation%";
# 显示为
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client    | utf8                      |
| character_set_connection | utf8                      |
| character_set_database  | utf8                      |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                    |
| character_set_results    | utf8                      |
| character_set_server    | utf8                      |
| character_set_system    | utf8                      |
| character_sets_dir      | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name        | Value          |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_unicode_ci |
| collation_database  | utf8_unicode_ci |
| collation_server    | utf8_unicode_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
# 字符集配置完成。

4. 设置权限

授予外网登陆权限：

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grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'password';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

参考命令： 

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# 创建用户命令
create user username@localhost identified by 'password';
# 直接创建用户并授权的命令
grant all privileges on *.* to username@localhost indentified by 'password';
# 授予权限并且可以授权
grant all privileges on *.* to username@'hostname' identified by 'password' with grant option;

这时候用本地可视化工具连接虚机的mysql,应该就能成功了，如果还不行，就重启mariadb服务：

systemctl restart mariadb或者重启虚机：reboot命令~

5. 参考资料

  1. 参考博客：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-03/128880.htm

二、卸载MariaDB

1. 停止MariaDB服务

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systemctl stop mariadb

2. 列出所有被安装的rpm package

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rpm -qa | grep mariadb

3. 删除包：

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rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-server-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

4. 删除之前卸载残留及配置文件

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find / -name "mariadb" -exec rm -rf {} \;